UNESCO Objects to Reconstruction at Taxila, Warns of Possible Heritage Risk

The Pakistani government's "reconstruction" work at the ancient archeological complex of Taxila has come under scrutiny. UNESCO has strongly objected to the alleged reconstruction done in the World Heritage Site Taxila. India has also clearly stated on this issue that the World Heritage is not the property of any one country, but is the shared heritage of the entire world. As such, its security and protection is everyone's responsibility.

What is Taxila?

Situated around 35 kilometers (22 miles) northwest of Islamabad, Taxila (formerly known as Takshashila) is a well known ancient city and significant archeological site in Punjab, Pakistan. From the fifth century BCE until the second century CE, it was a well known center of Buddhism and commerce as well as a renowned center of ancient knowledge.

Taxila is a historic and world renowned archaeological site in Pakistan. It has been designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Recently, news emerged that reconstruction work was underway at two of its historic sites. Following this, UNESCO expressed serious concern.

UNESCO Asks Pakistan to Reverse Construction

According to reports, UNESCO has asked the Government of Pakistan to restore the site to its original state, reversing construction work that altered its original character. Such work must not be repeated; the historical identity and authenticity of the World Heritage Site cannot be compromised.

According to the report, UNESCO has also warned that if improvements are not made in time, Taxila could be placed on the "Danger List." Furthermore, if necessary, it could even be considered for removal from the World Heritage List.

Complaint Submitted by a Third Party

It was reported that the matter came to light when a third party submitted photographs and information to UNESCO, showing construction work in the Mohra Moradu and Sirkap areas. 

Following this, officials from UNESCO, the Pakistan Archaeological Survey of Pakistan, and the relevant ministry conducted a joint technical inspection.

During the inspection, UNESCO also sought construction documents, Heritage Impact Assessment Report, before and after photographs, test reports of the materials used and information regarding the comparison of the new material with the old structure.

India's Response to PAK's Construction

India has also responded to the controversy. Questions about this issue were raised during the Ministry of External Affairs' weekly press briefing in New Delhi. Foreign Ministry spokesperson Randhir Jaiswal stated that UNESCO recognized cultural heritage does not belong to any one country, nor to any one society or individual. It is the shared heritage of the entire world. Therefore, it is the collective responsibility of all countries to preserve these sites and protect their historical identity.

He said that international regulations governing the preservation of cultural heritage should be followed. It is essential to avoid any construction or alteration that would compromise the originality of a historical site.

Meanwhile, according to a report in the Pakistani newspaper Dawn, officials say that the use of modern materials like cement at World Heritage sites violates UNESCO conservation standards. Such actions could also harm Pakistan's efforts to have several other historical sites included in the UNESCO World Heritage List. All eyes are now on what action Pakistan takes to address UNESCO's objections and what further decisions are made regarding the preservation of Taxila.